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Ductile extension of 3-D external circumferential cracks in pipe structures

Wuchao YANG, Xudong QIAN

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第3期   页码 294-303 doi: 10.1007/s11709-011-0115-9

摘要： This study investigates the ductile fracture resistance of 3-D external circumferential cracks in the wall of a steel pipe under remote tension, using a damage-mechanism model originally proposed by Gurson and Tvergaard. The ductile crack extension utilizes an element extinction technique implemented in the computational cell framework. The key parameter for the computational cell method, i.e., the initial porosity ratio , is calibrated using both the fracture resistance and the load-deformation responses obtained from fracture tests of multiple single-edge bend [SE(B)] specimens made of high-strength steel, HY80, which has a yield strength of 630 MPa. The fracture resistance along the 3-D semi-elliptical crack front is computed from the calibrated cell model. Based on the similarity concept in the near-tip stress-strain fields, this study demonstrates that an equivalent 2-D axi-symmetric model provides conservative estimations of the fracture resistance for 3-D circumferential cracks in pipes.

关键词： ductile fracture     computational cell method     G-T model     J-R curve    

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Fatigue crack growth simulations of 3-D linear elastic cracks under thermal load by XFEM

Himanshu PATHAK,Akhilendra SINGH,I.V. SINGH,S. K. YADAV

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第4期   页码 359-382 doi: 10.1007/s11709-015-0304-z

摘要： This paper deals with the fatigue crack growth simulations of three-dimensional linear elastic cracks by XFEM under cyclic thermal load. Both temperature and displacement approximations are extrinsically enriched by Heaviside and crack front enrichment functions. Crack growth is modelled by successive linear extensions, and the end points of these linear extensions are joined by cubic spline segments to obtain a modified crack front. Different crack geometries such as planer, non-planer and arbitrary spline shape cracks are simulated under thermal shock, adiabatic and isothermal loads to reveal the sturdiness and versatility of the XFEM approach.

关键词： 3-D cracks     fatigue life     Paris law     thermal load     XFEM    

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Numerical analysis of 3-D unsteady flow in a vaneless counter-rotating turbine

ZHAO Qingjun, WANG Huishe, ZHAO Xiaolu, XU Jianzhong

《能源前沿（英文）》 2007年 第1卷 第3期   页码 352-358 doi: 10.1007/s11708-007-0053-3

摘要： To reveal the unsteady flow characteristics of a vaneless counter-rotating turbine (VCRT), a three-dimensional, viscous, unsteady computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis was performed. The results show that unsteady simulation is superior to steady simulation because more flow characteristics can be obtained. The unsteady effects in upstream airfoil rows are weaker than those in downstream airfoil rows in the VCRT. The static pressure distribution along the span in the pressure surface of a high pressure turbine stator is more uniform than that in the suction surface. The static pressure distributions along the span in the pressure surfaces and the suction surfaces of a high pressure turbine rotor and a low pressure turbine rotor are all uneven. The numerical results also indicate that the load of a high pressure turbine rotor will increase with the increase of the span. The deviation is very big between the direction of air flow at the outlet of a high pressure turbine rotor and the axial direction. A similar result can also be obtained in the outlet of a low pressure turbine rotor. This means that the specific work of a high pressure turbine rotor and a low pressure turbine rotor is big enough to reach the design objectives.

关键词： unsteady flow     three-dimensional     pressure distribution     similar result     unsteady simulation    

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Investigation of Generalized SIFs of cracks in 3D piezoelectric media under various crack-face conditions

Jaroon RUNGAMORNRAT, Bounsana CHANSAVANG, Weeraporn PHONGTINNABOOT, Chung Nguyen VAN

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第2期   页码 280-298 doi: 10.1007/s11709-019-0586-7

摘要： This paper investigates the influence of crack geometry, crack-face and loading conditions, and the permittivity of a medium inside the crack gap on intensity factors of planar and non-planar cracks in linear piezoelectric media. A weakly singular boundary integral equation method together with the near-front approximation is adopted to accurately determine the intensity factors. Obtained results indicate that the non-flat crack surface, the electric field, and the permittivity of a medium inside the crack gap play a crucial role on the behavior of intensity factors. The mode-I stress intensity factors ( ) for two representative non-planar cracks under different crack-face conditions are found significantly different and they possess both upper and lower bounds. In addition, for impermeable and semi-permeable non-planar cracks treated depends strongly on the electric field whereas those of impermeable, permeable, and semi-permeable penny-shaped cracks are identical and independent of the electric field. The stress/electric intensity factors predicted by permeable and energetically consistent models are, respectively, independent of and dependent on the electric field for the penny-shaped crack and the two representative non-planar cracks. Also, the permittivity of a medium inside the crack gap strongly affects the intensity factors for all crack configurations considered except for of the semi-permeable penny-shaped crack.

关键词： crack-face conditions     intensity factors     non-flat cracks     permittivity     piezoelectric media     SGBEM    

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CFD evaluation of pressure drop across a 3-D filter housing for industrial gas turbine plants

Fidelis I. ABAM,Samuel O. EFFIOM,Olayinka S. OHUNAKIN

《能源前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第2期   页码 192-202 doi: 10.1007/s11708-016-0406-x

摘要： This paper investigated the flow distribution and total pressure drop across a designed 3-D filter housing integrated with a 3-stage filtration system using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The filter housing model was proposed for a heavy-duty industrial gas turbine plant operating at an average ambient temperature of 20°C.The pressure drops across the classes of filters were 652.8 Pa, 2692.2 Pa, 887.8 Pa, 776.2 Pa and 2304.2 Pa for I-GB, GB-GA, GA-FA, FA-HA, and HA-O, respectively. The results obtained indicated an acceptable total pressure drop of 7.2% for the entire filter housing before filter clean-up. Although the CFD simulation result shows that small outlet flow velocity and transonic flows exist at the outlet of the filter housing, the designed filter housing was proved compatible with the studied GT, for inlet flow conditions between 600≤ ≤610 kg/s and 60≤ ≤70 m/s for the air flow rate and velocity, respectively. Furthermore, the designed filter housing could be adopted for the studied GT and locations of Usan and Maiduguri in Nigeria, and other locations with similar environmental conditions.

关键词： computational fluid dynamics (CFD)     pressure drop     flow distribution     filter housing     gas turbine    

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Geometric optimization model for the solar cavity receiver with helical pipe at different solar radiation

Chongzhe ZOU, Huayi FENG, Yanping ZHANG, Quentin FALCOZ, Cheng ZHANG, Wei GAO

《能源前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第2期   页码 284-295 doi: 10.1007/s11708-019-0613-3

摘要： In consideration of geometric parameters, several researches have already optimized the thermal efficiency of the cylindrical cavity receiver. However, most of the optimal results have been achieved at a fixed solar radiation. At different direct normal irradiance (DNI), any single optimal result may not be suitable enough for different regions over the world. This study constructed a 3-D numerical model of cylindrical cavity receiver with DNI variation. In the model of a cylindrical cavity receiver containing a helical pipe, the heat losses of the cavity and heat transfer of working medium were also taken into account. The simulation results show that for a particular DNI in the range of 400 W/m to 800 W/m , there exists a best design for achieving a highest thermal efficiency of the cavity receiver. Besides, for a receiver in constant geometric parameters, the total heat losses increases dramatically with the DNI increasing in that range, as well as the temperature of the working medium. The thermal efficiency presented a different variation tendency with the heat losses, which is 2.45% as a minimum decline. In summary, this paper proposed an optimization method in the form of a bunch of fitting curves which could be applied to receiver design in different DNI regions, with comparatively appropriate thermal performances.

关键词： cylindrical cavity receiver     3-D numerical simulation     geometric optimization     direct normal irradiation    

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Fast detection algorithm for cracks on tunnel linings based on deep semantic segmentation

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第5期   页码 732-744 doi: 10.1007/s11709-023-0965-y

摘要： An algorithm based on deep semantic segmentation called LC-DeepLab is proposed for detecting the trends and geometries of cracks on tunnel linings at the pixel level. The proposed method addresses the low accuracy of tunnel crack segmentation and the slow detection speed of conventional models in complex backgrounds. The novel algorithm is based on the DeepLabv3+ network framework. A lighter backbone network was used for feature extraction. Next, an efficient shallow feature fusion module that extracts crack features across pixels is designed to improve the edges of crack segmentation. Finally, an efficient attention module that significantly improves the anti-interference ability of the model in complex backgrounds is validated. Four classic semantic segmentation algorithms (fully convolutional network, pyramid scene parsing network, U-Net, and DeepLabv3+) are selected for comparative analysis to verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. The experimental results show that LC-DeepLab can accurately segment and highlight cracks from tunnel linings in complex backgrounds, and the accuracy (mean intersection over union) is 78.26%. The LC-DeepLab can achieve a real-time segmentation of 416 × 416 × 3 defect images with 46.98 f/s and 21.85 Mb parameters.

关键词： tunnel engineering     crack segmentation     fast detection     DeepLabv3+     feature fusion     attention mechanism    

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关于3D打印技术在医学模具以及再生组织和器官方面的应用综述

Kan Wang, Chia-Che Ho, Chuck Zhang, Ben Wang

《工程（英文）》 2017年 第3卷 第5期   页码 653-662 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2017.05.013

摘要： 随着三维（3D）打印和3D 生物打印技术的快速发展，许多研究人员已经开始使用增材制造技术来生产具有多种功能的医学模具。本文综述了3D 打印和3D 生物打印技术在制作功能性医学模具和生物结构方面的应用。特别讨论了3D 打印功能性医学模具（即组织模拟医学模具、放射性医学模具和生理医学模具）及被用于再生组织和器官的3D 生物打印模具的制备（即混合模式支架材料、可转换支架和集成传感器）工艺、发展现状以及未来发展趋势

关键词： 3D打印     3D生物打印     医学模具     再生组织/器官     支架    

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HAPE3D—a new constructive algorithm for the 3D irregular packing problem

Xiao LIU,Jia-min LIU,An-xi CAO,Zhuang-le YAO

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第16卷 第5期   页码 380-390 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1400421

摘要： We propose a new constructive algorithm, called HAPE3D, which is a heuristic algorithm based on the principle of minimum total potential energy for the 3D irregular packing problem, involving packing a set of irregularly shaped polyhedrons into a box-shaped container with fixed width and length but unconstrained height. The objective is to allocate all the polyhedrons in the container, and thus minimize the waste or maximize profit. HAPE3D can deal with arbitrarily shaped polyhedrons, which can be rotated around each coordinate axis at different angles. The most outstanding merit is that HAPE3D does not need to calculate no-fit polyhedron (NFP), which is a huge obstacle for the 3D packing problem. HAPE3D can also be hybridized with a meta-heuristic algorithm such as simulated annealing. Two groups of computational experiments demonstrate the good performance of HAPE3D and prove that it can be hybridized quite well with a meta-heuristic algorithm to further improve the packing quality.

关键词： 3D packing problem     Layout design     Simulation     Optimization     Constructive algorithm     Meta-heuristics    

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Characterization of 3D microstructure, thermal conductivity, and heat flow of cement-based foam using

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第3期   页码 643-651 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0709-9

摘要： This study presents the results of the 3D microstructure, thermal conductivity, and heat flow in cement-based foams and examines their changes with a range of densities. Images were captured using X-ray micro computed tomography (micro-CT) imaging technique on cement-based foam samples prepared with densities of 400, 600, and 800 kg/m3. These images were later simulated and quantified using 3D data visualization and analysis software. Based on the analysis, the pore volume of 11000 µm3 was determined across the three densities, leading to optimal results. However, distinct pore diameters of 15 µm for 800 kg/m3, and 20 µm for 600 and 400 kg/m3 were found to be optimum. Most of the pores were spherical, with only 10% appearing elongated or fractured. In addition, a difference of 15% was observed between the 2D and 3D porosity results. Moreover, a difference of 5% was noticed between the experimentally measured thermal conductivity and the numerically predicted value and this variation was constant across the three cast densities. The 3D model showed that heat flows through the cement paste solids and with an increase in porosity this flow reduces.

关键词： 3D pore volume distribution     X-ray tomography     3D shape factor     heat flow    

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使用2D、3D和4D增材制造材料开发生物植入物 Review

刘果, 何云虎, 刘朋超, 陈舟, 陈绪梁, 万镭, 李莹, 吕坚

《工程（英文）》 2020年 第6卷 第11期   页码 1232-1243 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.04.015

摘要： 但是，用于制造生物植入物的3D可打印材料仍然非常有限。本研究对用于生物植入物的2D、3D AM材料进行了概述。此外，在我们团队先前开发的4D打印陶瓷前驱体及陶瓷材料的基础上，受太极思想的启发，本文提出了一种简单而新颖的软硬集成4D增材制造概念，以应用于人体系统中复杂且动态的生物结构。多材料打印技术的发展，使得人们未来可以使用2D、3D、4D AM材料开发生物植入物和软硬集成生物结构。

关键词： 生物打印     2D增材制造     3D打印     4D打印     生物植入物    

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Construction of digital 3D magic-cube organization structure for innovation-driven manufacturing

《工程管理前沿（英文）》   页码 373-390 doi: 10.1007/s42524-022-0237-x

摘要： Owing to the heterogeneity between functional units and resource scarcity, manufacturing firms have been struggling with intra-organizational coordination for productivity and innovation. Traditional organizational structures, such as linear-functional and matrix, may cause responsibility division and independent goals (Shahani, 2020), and are more difficult to be adopted by large-sized innovative manufacturing firms for quantity production. This is based on a review of several new forms of organization (i.e., network organization, multiteam system, and platform organization) compared with the traditional forms of organization (i.e., linear, matrix, and business unit organization, among others). This study proposes a three-dimensional (3D) magic-cube organizational structure, considering the product dimensions, business, and administration. Moreover, the characteristics, propositions of system operation, system dynamic model, and working model of the 3D magic-cube organization are described. Finally, the 3D model is applied in a Chinese manufacturing firm to test its effectiveness. By redesigning the post and pay system, the pilot organization establishes a project-driven and cross-functional coordination mechanism, positively affecting the firm’s financial profit, output value, labor productivity, and income of per capita. The proposed 3D model can be adopted by large- or medium-sized manufacturing firms for product development and innovation. The implications of both practice and theory are also discussed in this study.

关键词： innovation     manufacturing     3D magic-cube organization structure     coordination    

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Animage-based approach to the reconstruction of ancient architectures by extracting and arranging 3D

Divya Udayan J,HyungSeok KIM,Jee-In KIM

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第16卷 第1期   页码 12-27 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1400141

摘要： The objective of this research is the rapid reconstruction of ancient buildings of historical importance using a single image. The key idea of our approach is to reduce the infinite solutions that might otherwise arise when recovering a 3D geometry from 2D photographs. The main outcome of our research shows that the proposed methodology can be used to reconstruct ancient monuments for use as proxies for digital effects in applications such as tourism, games, and entertainment, which do not require very accurate modeling. In this article, we consider the reconstruction of ancient Mughal architecture including the Taj Mahal. We propose a modeling pipeline that makes an easy reconstruction possible using a single photograph taken from a single view, without the need to create complex point clouds from multiple images or the use of laser scanners. First, an initial model is automatically reconstructed using locally fitted planar primitives along with their boundary polygons and the adjacency relation among parts of the polygons. This approach is faster and more accurate than creating a model from scratch because the initial reconstruction phase provides a set of structural information together with the adjacency relation, which makes it possible to estimate the approximate depth of the entire structural monument. Next, we use manual extrapolation and editing techniques with modeling software to assemble and adjust different 3D components of the model. Thus, this research opens up the opportunity for the present generation to experience remote sites of architectural and cultural importance through virtual worlds and real-time mobile applications. Variations of a recreated 3D monument to represent an amalgam of various cultures are targeted for future work.

关键词： Digital reconstruction     3D virtual world     3D spatial components     Vision and scene understanding    

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3D打印技术在多个领域取得进展

Chris Palmer

《工程（英文）》 2020年 第6卷 第6期   页码 590-592 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.04.005

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增材制造（3D打印）发展趋势 Perspective

卢秉恒, 李涤尘, 田小永

《工程（英文）》 2015年 第1卷 第1期   页码 85-89 doi: 10.15302/J-ENG-2015012

摘要：

增材制造又称为3D打印，在过去30年间取得了快速发展并展示出前所未有的发展潜力。同时，这项发展潜力巨大的技术对传统工业也产生了不可估量的影响。3D打印技术将会推动生产模式的变革，通过实现5个“任意”的工艺发展，将会为制造行业带来一个以定制化制造为特征的新时代。3D打印的技术进步及其与传统制造工艺的融合，将推动制造业在材料研发、产品设计、生产工艺等方面进一步创新发展。最终，3D打印技术将与等材制造、减材制造形成三足鼎立局面，共同分享整个社会的制造业价值。

关键词： 增材制造     3D打印     制造模式     定制化制造     创新设计    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Ductile extension of 3-D external circumferential cracks in pipe structures

Wuchao YANG, Xudong QIAN

期刊论文

Fatigue crack growth simulations of 3-D linear elastic cracks under thermal load by XFEM

Himanshu PATHAK,Akhilendra SINGH,I.V. SINGH,S. K. YADAV

期刊论文

Numerical analysis of 3-D unsteady flow in a vaneless counter-rotating turbine

ZHAO Qingjun, WANG Huishe, ZHAO Xiaolu, XU Jianzhong

期刊论文

Investigation of Generalized SIFs of cracks in 3D piezoelectric media under various crack-face conditions

Jaroon RUNGAMORNRAT, Bounsana CHANSAVANG, Weeraporn PHONGTINNABOOT, Chung Nguyen VAN

期刊论文

CFD evaluation of pressure drop across a 3-D filter housing for industrial gas turbine plants

Fidelis I. ABAM,Samuel O. EFFIOM,Olayinka S. OHUNAKIN

期刊论文

Geometric optimization model for the solar cavity receiver with helical pipe at different solar radiation

Chongzhe ZOU, Huayi FENG, Yanping ZHANG, Quentin FALCOZ, Cheng ZHANG, Wei GAO

期刊论文

Fast detection algorithm for cracks on tunnel linings based on deep semantic segmentation

期刊论文

关于3D打印技术在医学模具以及再生组织和器官方面的应用综述

Kan Wang, Chia-Che Ho, Chuck Zhang, Ben Wang

期刊论文

HAPE3D—a new constructive algorithm for the 3D irregular packing problem

Xiao LIU,Jia-min LIU,An-xi CAO,Zhuang-le YAO

期刊论文

Characterization of 3D microstructure, thermal conductivity, and heat flow of cement-based foam using

期刊论文

使用2D、3D和4D增材制造材料开发生物植入物

刘果, 何云虎, 刘朋超, 陈舟, 陈绪梁, 万镭, 李莹, 吕坚

期刊论文

Construction of digital 3D magic-cube organization structure for innovation-driven manufacturing

期刊论文

Animage-based approach to the reconstruction of ancient architectures by extracting and arranging 3D

Divya Udayan J,HyungSeok KIM,Jee-In KIM

期刊论文

3D打印技术在多个领域取得进展

Chris Palmer

期刊论文

增材制造（3D打印）发展趋势

卢秉恒, 李涤尘, 田小永

期刊论文